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This paper presents a study on the perception of soundscapes in train stations. The two issues addressed by this study are (1) to show that people’s knowledge about the space typology that makes up a train station is also based on sound information, and (2) to show that this information is involved in the recognition of the type of space. This study is composed of two stages. In the first stage, two auditory experiments are performed on 66 soundscape samples recorded under natural conditions: (1) free categorization with verbalization and (2) forced-choice recognition. The statistical and lexical analysis of the first experiment reveals three main types of acoustical information: sound sources, human activities, and room effects. The results of the second experiment show that people were able to recognize the type of space (platform, hall, etc.) just by listening to its soundscape. Comparison between Experiments 1 and 2 reveals the auditory similarities of the soundscapes that were recognized as belonging to the same category. In the second step, an in situ questionnaire survey was carried out and confirms the laboratory results. Indeed, when travelers are asked to describe the soundscape of the space in which they are situated, they use the same kind of auditory similarities as those found in the experiments. 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.